List of sovereign states in 1944
| Sovereign states by year | ||
|---|---|---|
| List of sovereign states in 1943 | Events of 1944 | List of sovereign states in 1945 |
This is a list of every sovereign state that existed in the year 1944 and their capitals. It includes not only those states which had widespread international recognition, but also those states which were generally unrecognized. In addition, it includes all non-sovereign territories which were not integral parts of sovereign states.
Sovereign states
League of Nations member states are indicated by [LoN]
A
-
.svg.png)
Afghanistan - Kingdom of Afghanistan [LoN]
Capital: Kabul -
.svg.png)
Albania - Democratic Government of Albania (from October 20)
Capital: Tirana -
Andorra - Principality of Andorra
Capital: Andorra la Vella -
Argentina - Argentine Republic [LoN]
Capital: Buenos Aires -
Australia - Commonwealth of Australia [LoN]
Capital: Canberra
B
-
Belgium - Kingdom of Belgium (from September 3) [LoN]
Capital: Brussels -
Bolivia - Republic of Bolivia
Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative) -
.svg.png)
Brazil - Republic of the United States of Brazil
Capital: Rio de Janeiro -
Bulgaria - Kingdom of Bulgaria [LoN]
Capital: Sofia
C
-
Canada - Dominion of Canada [LoN]
Capital: Ottawa -
Chile - Republic of Chile [LoN]
Capital: Santiago -
China - Republic of China [LoN]
Capital: Chongqing -
Colombia - Republic of Colombia [LoN]
Capital: Bogotá -
Costa Rica - Republic of Costa Rica [LoN]
Capital: San José -
Cuba - Republic of Cuba [LoN]
Capital: Havana
D
-
Dominican Republic [LoN]
Capital: Santo Domingo
E
-
Ecuador - Republic of Ecuador [LoN]
Capital: Quito -
.svg.png)
Egypt - Kingdom of Egypt [LoN]
Capital: Cairo -
El Salvador - Republic of El Salvador
Capital: San Salvador -
.svg.png)
Ethiopia - Ethiopian Empire [LoN]
Capital: Addis Ababa
F
-
Finland - Republic of Finland [LoN]
Capital: Helsinki -
France [LoN from August 20]
Capital: Paris- French State (to August 20)
- Provisional Government of the French Republic (from August 20)
G
-
.svg.png)
Germany - Greater German Reich
Capital: Berlin -
.svg.png)
Greece - Kingdom of Greece (from October 13) [LoN]
Capital: Athens -
Guatemala - Republic of Guatemala
Capital: Guatemala City
H
-
.svg.png)
Haiti - Republic of Haiti
Capital: Port-au-Prince .svg.png)
Honduras - Republic of Honduras
Capital: Tegucigalpa-
.svg.png)
Hungary - Kingdom of Hungary (to October 16)
Capital: Budapest
I
-
Iceland
Capital: Reykjavík- Kingdom of Iceland (to June 17)
- Republic of Iceland (from June 17)
-
.svg.png)
Iran - Imperial State of Iran [LoN]
Capital: Tehran -
.svg.png)
Iraq - Kingdom of Iraq [LoN]
Capital: Baghdad -
Ireland [LoN]
Capital: Dublin -
_crowned.svg.png)
Italy - Kingdom of Italy
Capital: Rome
J
L
-
Lebanon - Lebanese Republic
Capital: Beirut -
Liberia - Republic of Liberia [LoN]
Capital: Monrovia -
Liechtenstein - Principality of Liechtenstein
Capital: Vaduz -
Luxembourg - Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (from September 11)
Capital: Luxembourg City
M
-
.png)
Mexico - United Mexican States [LoN]
Capital: Mexico City -
Monaco - Principality of Monaco
Capital: Monaco-Ville -
.svg.png)
Mongolia - Mongolian People's Republic
Capital: Ulaanbaatar
N
-
.svg.png)
Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal
Capital: Kathmandu -
New Zealand - Dominion of New Zealand (Dominion of the British Empire) [LoN]
Capital: Wellington -
Nicaragua - Republic of Nicaragua [LoN]
Capital: Managua
P
-
Panama - Republic of Panama [LoN]
Capital: Panama City -
.svg.png)
Paraguay - Republic of Paraguay [LoN]
Capital: Asunción -
.svg.png)
Peru - Peruvian Republic
Capital: Lima -
Poland - Republic of Poland (from December 31) [LoN]
Capital: Lublin (provisory) -
Portugal - Portuguese Republic [LoN]
Capital: Lisbon
R
S
-
San Marino - Most Serene Republic of San Marino
Capital: City of San Marino -
.svg.png)
Saudi Arabia - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Capital: Riyadh -
.svg.png)
South Africa - Union of South Africa [LoN]
Capital: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial) -
.svg.png)
Soviet Union - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Capital: Moscow -
.svg.png)
Spain - Spanish State
Capital: Madrid -
Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden [LoN]
Capital: Stockholm -
Switzerland - Swiss Confederation [LoN]
Capital: Bern -
.svg.png)
Syria - Syrian Republic (from January 1)
Capital: Damascus
T
-
Thailand - Kingdom of Thailand [LoN]
Capital: Bangkok -
Turkey - Republic of Turkey [LoN]
Capital: Ankara
U
-
United Kingdom - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [LoN]
Capital: London -
United States - United States of America
Capital: Washington, D.C. -
Uruguay - Oriental Republic of Uruguay [LoN]
Capital: Montevideo
V
-
Vatican City - Vatican City State
Capital: Vatican City -
.svg.png)
Venezuela - United States of Venezuela
Capital: Caracas
Y
-
Yemen - Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
Capital: Sana'a -
Yugoslavia - Democratic Federal Yugoslavia
Capital: Belgrade
Other states
In 1944, there were eleven states which were not recognized as sovereign by a majority of countries.
-
.svg.png)
Burma - State of Burma
Capital: Rangoon- De facto independent state under Japanese occupation. Recognized by the Axis powers and Vatican City. Claimed by the United Kingdom as part of the Indian Empire.
-
NDH - Independent State of Croatia
Capital: Zagreb- De facto independent state. Recognized by the members of the Anti-Comintern Pact and Argentina. Claimed by Yugoslavia.
-
East Turkestan - East Turkestan Republic (from November 12)
Capital: Ghulja- De facto independent state. Claimed by the Republic of China. Not recognized by any other state.
- Hungary -Kingdom of Hungary (from October 16)
Capital: Budapest- Fascist dictatorship under German occupation. Recognized by Germany and her puppet states.
-
Manchukuo - Great Empire of Manchuria
Capital: Hsinking- De facto independent state. Recognized by 23 of members of the League of Nations. Claimed by the Republic of China.
- Nanjing - Republic of China
Capital: Nanking- De facto independent state. Recognized by the members of the Anti-Comintern Pact. Claimed by the Republic of China.
-
.svg.png)
Philippines - Republic of the Philippines
Capital: Manila.- De facto independent state under Japanese occupation. Recognized by Japan and her puppet states. Claimed by the Commonwealth of the Philippines.
-
Salò Italy - Italian Social Republic
Capital: Salò (de facto)- Puppet state under German occupation. Recognized by Germany and her puppet states. Claimed by the Kingdom of Italy.
-
Slovakia - Slovak Republic
Capital: Bratislava- De facto independent state under German "protection". Recognized by 15 other states. Claimed by Czechoslovakia.
-
.svg.png)
Tannu Tuva - Tuvan People's Republic (to October 11)
Capital: Kyzyl- De facto independent state. Recognized by the Soviet Union and her satellite states.
-
Tibet
Capital: Lhasa- De facto independent state. Claimed by the Republic of China. Recognized by no sovereign state.
Non-Sovereign Territories
Australia
- Australian Antarctic Territory (Uninhabited external territory)
- Norfolk Island - Territory of Norfolk Island (External territory)
Capital: Kingston -
Papua - Territory of Papua (External territory)
Capital: Canberra
Belgium
-
Belgian Congo (Colony, loyal to the government-in-exile until September 8)
Capital: Léopoldville (Leopoldstad)
Condominiums
- Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Anglo-Egyptian condominium)
Capital: Khartoum - Canton and Enderbury Islands (Anglo-American condominium)
-
.svg.png)
.svg.png)
New Hebrides (Anglo-French condominium, loyal to the Free French Forces, to August 20)
Capital: Port Vila
Denmark
France
- Adélie Land (Uninhabited possession)
- Clipperton Island (Uninhabited possession, to 1944)
- Fezzan (Occupied territory, under the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Sabha - French Equatorial Africa (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Brazzaville - French Guiana (Colony)
Capital: Cayenne - French India - French Establishments in India (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Pondichéry - French Indochina (Federation of protectorates, annexed by Japan after D-Day)
Capital: Hanoi - French Oceania - French Establishments in Oceania (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Papeete - French Somaliland (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Ville de Djibouti - French West Africa (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Dakar - Guadeloupe (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Basse-Terre - Inini (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Saint-Élie - Madagascar (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Tananarive - Martinique (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Fort-de-France 
Morocco - Sultanate of Morocco (de jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate,[1][2] loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Rabat- New Caledonia - New Caledonia and Dependencies (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Nouméa - Réunion (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Saint-Denis - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Saint-Pierre -
Tunisia - Tunisian Realm (Protectorate, loyal to the Free French Forces, from August 20)
Capital: Tunis
Germany
-
.svg.png)
Albania - Albanian Kingdom (to October 20)
Capital: Tirana - Belgium and North France - Military Administration in Belgium and North France (Military administration, to September 3)
Capital: Brussels (Belgium), Paris (North France) -
Bohemia and Moravia - Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (Autonomous protectorate)
Capital: Prag - Channel Islands (Occupied territory)
Capital: Saint Helier - Denmark (Occupied territory)
Capital: Copenhagen - Dodecanese Islands (Occupied territory)
Capital: Rhodes - General Government (Autonomous territory)
Capital: Krakau -
.svg.png)
Greece - Hellenic State (to November 3)
Capital: Athens -
Macedonia - Independent State of Macedonia (from September 8 to November 13)
Capital: Skopje -
.svg.png)
Montenegro - Kingdom of Montenegro (to December 15)
Capital: Cetinje -
Netherlands - Netherlands Reich Commission (Civil administration)
Capital: Amsterdam -
Norway - Norway Reich Commission (Civil administration)
Capital: Oslo - Ostland - Ostland Reich Commission (Civil administration, to October 13)
Capital: Riga -
Serbia - Military Administration in Serbia (Military administration, to October 20)
Capital: Belgrade - Ukraine - Ukraine Reich Commission (Civil administration, to February 2)
Capital: Rowno
Japan
-
.svg.png)
Banaba Island (Occupied territory)
Capital: Tabiang - Boruneo Kita (Occupied territory)
Capital: Elopura - Chōsen (Dependency)
Capital: Seoul - Christmas Island (Occupied territory)
Capital: Flying Fish Cove - Hong Kong - Hong Kong Occupied Territory (Occupied territory)
Capital: Kowloon - Indochina (Federation of states, occupied by Japan after D-Day)
Capital: Hanoi - Indonesia (Occupied territory)
Capital: Batavia, Dutch East Indies - Kwantung - Kwantung Leased Territory (Concession)
Capital: Dalian - Malaya (Occupied territory)
Capital: Kuala Lumpur - Nauru (Occupied territory)
Capital: Yaren - Omiya Jima (Occupied territory, to August 10)
Capital: Agana - Otori Jima (Occupied territory)
- Syonan-to (Occupied territory)
Capital: Syonan-to - Taiwan (Dependency)
Capital: Taihoku - Tientsin (Concession)
- Timor (Occupied territory)
Capital: Dili
League of Nations Mandates
-
British Cameroons (administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Buea -
British Togoland (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Ho - French Cameroons (administered by France)
Capital: Douala - French Togoland (Administered by France)
Capital: Lomé -
New Guinea - Territory of New Guinea (Administered by Australia)
Capital: Canberra -
Palestine (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Jerusalem-
Transjordan - Emirate of Transjordan (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Amman
-
- Ruanda-Urundi (Administered by Belgium)
Capital: Usumbura - South Pacific Mandate (Administered by Japan)
Capital: Koror - South-West Africa (Administered by South Africa)
Capital: Windhoek - Syria and Lebanon (Administered by France, occupied by Britain, to January 1)
-
.svg.png)
Tanganyika - Tanganyika Territory (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Dar es Salaam -
Western Samoa (Administered by New Zealand)
Capital: Apia
Netherlands
- Curaçao and Dependencies (Colony, loyal to the government-in-exile)
Capital: Willemstad - Surinam (Colony, loyal to the government-in-exile)
Capital: Paramaribo
New Zealand
- Cook Islands (Dependent territory)
Capital: Avarua - Niue Island (Dependent territory)
Capital: Alofi - Ross Dependency (Uninhabited dependent territory)
- Union Islands (Dependent territory)
Portugal
- Portuguese Cape Verde (Colony)
Capital: Praia - Macau (Colony)
- Portuguese East Africa (Colony)
Capital: Lourenço Marques - Portuguese Guinea (Colony)
Capital: Bissau - Portuguese India - Portuguese State of India (Colony)
Capital: Nova Goa - Portuguese West Africa (Colony)
Capital: Luanda - São João Baptista de Ajudá - Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá (Possession)
- São Tomé and Príncipe (Colony)
Capital: São Tomé
Spain
- Ifni (Colony)
Capital: Sidi Ifni - Spanish Guinea (Colony)
Capital: Santa Isabel - Morocco - Sultanate of Morocco (Spanish protectorate in Morocco) (de jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate)[1][2]
Capital: Tétouan - Spanish Sahara (Colony)
Capital: El Aaiún
United Kingdom
-
Aden - Aden Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Aden -
.png)
Bahama Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: Nassau -
.svg.png)
Bahrain - State of Bahrain (Protectorate)
Capital: Manama -
.png)
Barbados (Crown colony)
Capital: Bridgetown - Basutoland - Territory of Basutoland (Crown colony)
Capital: Maseru - Bechuanaland - Bechuanaland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Mafeking -
Bermuda (Crown colony)
Capital: Hamilton - Bhutan - Kingdom of Bhutan (Independent state under Treaty of Punakha)
Capital: Thimphu -
.png)
British Guiana (Crown colony)
Capital: Georgetown -
.svg.png)
British Honduras (Crown colony)
Capital: Belize Town -
British Leeward Islands - Federal Colony of the Leeward Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: St. John's - British Somaliland - British Somaliland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Hargeisa - British Western Pacific Territories (Crown colony)
Capital: Suva -
.png)
British Windward Islands - Federal Colony of the Windward Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: St. George's -
Ceylon (Crown colony)
Capital: Colombo -
.svg.png)
Cyprus (Crown colony)
Capital: Nicosia - Cyrenaica (Occupied territory)
Capital: Benghazi - Eritrea (Occupied territory)
Capital: Asmara - Falkland Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: Stanley -
Faroe Islands (Occupied territory)
Capital: Tórshavn -
Gambia - Gambia Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Banjul -
Gibraltar (Crown colony)
Capital: Gibraltar - Gold Coast (Crown colony)
Capital: Accra - Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Uninhabited possession)
-
India - Indian Empire (Crown colony)
Capital: New Dehli -
Isle of Man (Crown dependency)
Capital: Douglas - Italian Somaliland (Occupied territory)
Capital: Mogadiscio -
.svg.png)
Jamaica (Crown colony)
Capital: Kingston -
Kenya - Kenya Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Nairobi -
.svg.png)
Kuwait - State of Kuwait (Protectorate)
Capital: Kuwait City -
Maldive Islands - Sultanate of the Maldive Islands (Protectorate)
Capital: Malé -
.svg.png)
Malta (Crown colony)
Capital: Valletta -
Mauritius (Crown colony)
Capital: Port Louis -
Muscat and Oman - Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (State under the informal protection)
Capital: Muscat - Newfoundland - Dominion of Newfoundland (Crown colony)
Capital: St. John's -
Nigeria - Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Abuja - Northern Rhodesia - Protectorate of Northern Rhodesia (Protectorate)
Capital: Lusaka -
.svg.png)
Nyasaland - Nyasaland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Zomba -
.svg.png)
Qatar - State of Qatar (Protectorate)
Capital: Doha -
.svg.png)
Saint Helena (Crown colony)
Capital: Jamestown - Seychelles (Crown colony)
Capital: Victoria - Sierra Leone - Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Freetown -
Southern Rhodesia - Colony of Southern Rhodesia (Crown colony)
Capital: Salisbury - Suez Canal Zone (Crown colony)
- Swaziland - Swaziland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (legislative) -
Trinidad and Tobago (Crown colony)
Capital: Port of Spain - Tripolitania (Occupied territory)
Capital: Tripoli -
Trucial States (Protectorate)
Capital: Abu Dhabi -
Uganda (Crown colony)
Capital: Kampala -
Zanzibar - Sultanate of Zanzibar (Protectorate)
Capital: Zanzibar City
United States
-
Alaska - Alaska Territory (Territory)
Capital: Juneau - American Samoa - Territory of American Samoa (Territory)
Capital: Pago Pago - Baker Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Clipperton Island (Occupied territory, from 1944)
-
Hawaii - Territory of Hawaii (Territory)
Capital: Honolulu - Howland Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Jarvis Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Johnston Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
- Kingman Reef (Uninhabited territory)
- Midway Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
- Navassa Island (Uninhabited territory)
-
Panama Canal Zone (Territory)
Capital: Balboa - Puerto Rico (Territory)
Capital: San Juan -
United States Virgin Islands (Territory)
Capital: Charlotte Amalie
See also
References
- 1 2 Bedjaoui, M. (1991). International Law: Achievements and Prospects. UNESCO. p. 51. ISBN 9789231027161. Retrieved 2015-03-09.
- 1 2 Capaldo, G.Z.; Justice, I.C. (1995). Repertory of Decisions of the International Court of Justice (1947-1992). M. Nijhoff Publishers. p. 453. ISBN 9780792329930. Retrieved 2015-03-09.
External links
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