2014 Tour de France

2014 Tour de France
2014 UCI World Tour, race 18 of 29
Route of the 2014 Tour de France
Race details
Dates 5–27 July
Stages 21
Distance 3,663.5 km (2,276 mi)
Winning time 89h 59' 06"
Results
Winner  Vincenzo Nibali (ITA) (Astana)
Second  Jean-Christophe Péraud (FRA) (Ag2r–La Mondiale)
Third  Thibaut Pinot (FRA) (FDJ.fr)
Points  Peter Sagan (SVK) (Cannondale)
Mountains  Rafał Majka (POL) (Tinkoff–Saxo)
Youth  Thibaut Pinot (FRA) (FDJ.fr)
Team Ag2r–La Mondiale

The 2014 Tour de France was the 101st edition of the race, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The 3,358.1-kilometre (2,086.6 mi) race included 21 stages, starting in Leeds, United Kingdom, on 5 July and finishing on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 27 July. Vincenzo Nibali of the Astana team won the race by more than seven minutes, the biggest winning margin since 1997.[1] Jean-Christophe Péraud (Ag2r–La Mondiale) placed second, with Thibaut Pinot (FDJ.fr) third.

The points classification was decided early in the race and was won by Cannondale's Peter Sagan. Rafał Majka of Tinkoff–Saxo won the mountains classification Pinot finished as the best young rider. The team classification was won by Ag2r–La Mondiale and Alessandro De Marchi (Cannondale) was given the award for the most combative rider. Omega Pharma–Quick-Step rider Marcel Kittel won the most stages, with four.

Teams

For a more comprehensive list, see List of teams and cyclists in the 2014 Tour de France.
The team presentation ceremony took place inside the First Direct Arena in Leeds on 3 July

Twenty-two teams participated in the 2014 edition of the Tour de France.[2] All of the eighteen UCI ProTeams were automatically invited, and obliged, to attend the race.[3] On 14 January 2015, the organiser of the Tour, Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), announced the five second-tier UCI Professional Continental teams given wildcard invitations: Cofidis, Bretagne–Séché Environnement, IAM Cycling and NetApp–Endura.[4] The team presentation – where the members of each team's roster are introduced in front of the media and local dignitaries – took place at the First Direct Arena in Leeds, United Kingdom, on 3 July, two days before the opening stage held in the city. The riders arrvied to the arena by a ceremonial ride from the University of Leeds. The event included performances from Embrace and Opera North, in front of an audience of 10,000.[5]

The number of riders allowed per squad was nine, therefore the start list contained a total of 198 riders.[6] Of these, 47 were riding the Tour de France for the first time.[7] The total number of riders that finished the race was 164.[8] The riders came from 33 countries; France, Spain, Italy, Netherlands, Germany, Australia and Belgium all had 10 or more riders in the race.[6] Giant–Shimano's Ji Cheng was the first Chinese rider to participate in the Tour.[9] Riders from eight countries won stages during the race; German riders won the largest number of stages, with seven.[10] The average age of riders in the race was 29.88 years,[11] ranging from the 20-year-old Danny van Poppel to the 42-year-old Jens Voigt, both Trek Factory Racing riders.[12] Voigt, riding in his final year as a professional, equalled Stuart O'Grady's record for most appearances in the Tour with 17.[13] Of the total average ages, Garmin–Sharp was the youngest team and Trek Factory Racing the oldest.[11]

The teams entering the race were:[2]

UCI ProTeams

UCI Professional Continental teams

Pre-race favourites

A photograph of Chris Froome.
A photograph of Alberto Contador.
Chris Froome (pictured in 2013) and Alberto Contador (pictured in 2015), were seen by many as the top two general classification pre-race favourites, respectively; both were forced to abandon the race due to injuries caused by crashes.

According to many observers before the race the top two favourites for the general classification were Chris Froome (Team Sky) and Alberto Contador (Tinkoff–Saxo), respectively.[14][15][16][17][18] Their closest rivals were thought to have been Vincenzo Nibali (Astana) and Alejandro Valverde (Movistar Team).[15][17][18][19] A possible contender was the 2013 Tour runner-up, Nairo Quintana, who had chosen not to ride the Tour after his 2014 Giro d'Italia (one of the three Grand Tours, along with the Tour de France) win that took place during May.[20] The riders considered outsiders were Andrew Talansky (Garmin–Sharp), Rui Costa (Lampre–Merida), Thibaut Pinot (FDJ.fr), Tejay van Garderen (BMC Racing Team), Jurgen Van den Broeck (Lotto–Belisol).[15][16][17][18][19][21]

Defending champion and runner-up in the 2012 Tour, Froome, had shown his form so far in the 2014 season by winning the general classification of two stage races, the Tour of Oman and the Tour de Romandie.[18] Contador, winner of the 2007 and 2009 Tours, also won two stage races, the Tirreno–Adriatico and the Tour of the Basque Country in the lead-up to the Tour, placing second overall in the Volta ao Algarve, Volta a Catalunya and Critérium du Dauphiné.[18] Nibali had missed the 2013 Tour as he had focused on the 2013 Giro, which he won. His highest Tour result was third in 2012.[16] His best results so far in the 2014 season were fifth in the Tour de Romandie and seventh in the Dauphiné.[19] Valverde, who placed eight in the 2007 Tour, had a number of wins in the 2014 season prior to the Tour, most notably, the Vuelta a Andalucía stage race and the La Flèche Wallonne one-day race.[18]

The sprinters considered favourites for the points classification and wins on the flat or hilly bunch sprint finishes were Peter Sagan (Cannondale), Mark Cavendish (Omega Pharma–Quick-Step), Andre Greipel (Lotto–Belisol), Alexander Kristoff (Team Katusha) and Giant–Shimano riders Marcel Kittel and John Degenkolb.[22][23][24] Winner of the points classification in the two previous Tours, Sagan, had won the E3 Harelbeke one-day race and won the points classifications in three stage races, the Tirreno–Adriatico, the Tour of California and the Tour de Suisse, during the 2014 season up until the Tour.[23][25] Cavendish, who won the points classification in 2011, had nine wins so far in the season and had the full backing of his team.[23][24] Greipel had amassed a total of twelve wins during the season prior to the Tour, but his team would have to share support for him and Van den Broeck.[23][24] Kristoff had won the Milan–San Remo, and was considered a dark horse for the points classification.[23] Kittel was seen as a top contender for the bunch sprints, as he won the most stages in the 2013 Tour,[24] a total of four.[26] He had a amassed seven wins so far in the season, two of which were in the Giro.[24] It was thought that Degenkolb would be used by Giant–Shimano for the more challenging sprints. His major results of the season were first place in Gent–Wevelgem and second place in Paris–Roubaix, both one-day races.[24]

Route and stages

Stage five, between Ypres, Belgium, and Arenberg Porte du Hainaut, featured sett paving sections used in the one-day race Paris–Roubaix.

On 14 December 2012, the ASO announced that the English historic county of Yorkshire would host the 2014 edition's race stages (known as the Grand Départ).[27] Further details of the first three stages held in the United Kingdom were released on 17 January 2014. This was the fourth Tour to contain stages in the United Kingdom, after 1974, 1994 and 2007.[28] The entire route was announced by the ASO on 23 October 2013 at the official presentation at the Palais des Congrès in Paris. At the event, Stephen Roche, winner of the 1987 Tour, described the route as "fairly soft".[29] Notable features of the route were fifth stage's sections of sett paving, the five high altitude stage finishes and the lack time trialling, with only stage twenty's 54 km (34 mi) individual time trial.[30]

The first of the two stages held in Yorkshire started in Leeds and finished in Harrogate, with stage two held between York and Sheffield. After a transfer to the East Anglian city of Cambridge, the race went south to the finish in London. The Tour transferred acrossed the English Channel to the start of stage four Le Touquet-Paris-Plage, with the finish in Lille. Stage five began in Ypres, Belgium, and finished back in France. The following three stages crossed the north-east to the Vosges Mountains for stages nine and ten. The eleventh stage took place between Besançon and Oyonnax through the Jura Mountains. Stage tweleve headed west to Saint-Étienne, with the next stage moving back east into the Chartreuse Mountains and the fourteenth stage. The following stage took the race south to Nîmes. After a transfer to Carcassonne, the route moved into the Pyrenees for the next two stages. The nineteenth stage took a northerly direction to the department of Dordogne and the location of stage twenty. A long transfer took the Tour back to the north-east to finish with the Champs-Élysées stage in Paris.[31]

There were 21 stages in the race, covering a total distance of 3,660.5 km (2,275 mi). The longest mass-start stage was the seventh at 234.5 km (146 mi), and stage 17 was the shortest at 124.5 km (77 mi). Nine stages were officially classified as flat, five as medium mountain and six as high mountain.[31][32][33] Stage five, although classified as medium mountain, was flat with sett paving sections.[31][34] There were five summit finishes: stage 10, to La Planche des Belles Filles; stage 13, to Chamrousse; stage 14, to Risoul; stage 17, to Saint-Lary Pla d’Adet; and stage 18, to Hautacam.[33][31] The highest point of the race was the 2,360 m (7,740 ft)-high Col d'Izoard mountain pass on stage 14.[30] There were nine new stage start or finish locations.[31] The rest days were after stage 10, in the Besançon, and after 15, in Carcassonne.[31]

Stage characteristics and winners[31][35]
Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner
1 5 July Leeds to Harrogate (United Kingdom) 190.5 km (118 mi) Flat stage  Marcel Kittel (GER)
2 6 July York to Sheffield (United Kingdom) 201 km (125 mi) Medium mountain stage  Vincenzo Nibali (ITA)
3 7 July Cambridge to London (United Kingdom) 155 km (96 mi) Flat stage  Marcel Kittel (GER)
4 8 July Le Touquet-Paris-Plage to Lille Metropole 163.5 km (102 mi) Flat stage  Marcel Kittel (GER)
5 9 July Ypres (Belgium) to Arenberg Porte du Hainaut 152.5 km (95 mi)[n 1] Medium mountain stage[n 2]  Lars Boom (NED)
6 10 July Arras to Reims 194 km (121 mi) Flat stage  André Greipel (GER)
7 11 July Épernay to Nancy 234.5 km (146 mi) Flat stage  Matteo Trentin (ITA)
8 12 July Tomblaine to Gérardmer La Mauselaine 161 km (100 mi) Medium mountain stage  Blel Kadri (FRA)
9 13 July Gérardmer to Mulhouse 170 km (106 mi) Medium mountain stage  Tony Martin (GER)
10 14 July Mulhouse to La Planche des Belles Filles 161.5 km (100 mi) High mountain stage  Vincenzo Nibali (ITA)
15 July Besançon Rest day
11 16 July Besançon to Oyonnax 187.5 km (117 mi) Medium mountain stage  Tony Gallopin (FRA)
12 17 July Bourg-en-Bresse to Saint-Étienne 185.5 km (115 mi) Flat stage  Alexander Kristoff (NOR)
13 18 July Saint-Étienne to Chamrousse 197.5 km (123 mi) High mountain stage  Vincenzo Nibali (ITA)
14 19 July Grenoble to Risoul 177 km (110 mi) High mountain stage  Rafał Majka (POL)
15 20 July Tallard to Nîmes 222 km (138 mi) Flat stage  Alexander Kristoff (NOR)
21 July Carcassonne Rest day
16 22 July Carcassonne to Bagnères-de-Luchon 237.5 km (148 mi) High mountain stage  Michael Rogers (AUS)
17 23 July Saint-Gaudens to Saint-Lary Pla d’Adet 124.5 km (77 mi) High mountain stage  Rafał Majka (POL)
18 24 July Pau to Hautacam 145.5 km (90 mi) High mountain stage  Vincenzo Nibali (ITA)
19 25 July Maubourguet Pays du Val d’Adour to Bergerac 208.5 km (130 mi) Flat stage  Ramūnas Navardauskas (LTU)
20 26 July Bergerac to Périgueux 54 km (34 mi) Individual time trial  Tony Martin (GER)
21 27 July Évry to Paris (Champs-Élysées) 137.5 km (85 mi) Flat stage  Marcel Kittel (GER)
Total 3,660.5 km (2,275 mi)

Classification leadership

There were four main individual classifications contested in the 2014 Tour de France, as well as a team competition. The most important was the general classification, which was calculated by adding each rider's finishing times on each stage.[37] There were no time bonuses given at the end of stages for this edition of the Tour.[38] If a crash had happened within the final 3 km (1.9 mi) of a stage, not including the time trial and summit finishes, the riders involved would have received the same time as the group they were in when the crash occurred.[39] The rider with the lowest cumulative time was the winner of the general classification and was considered the overall winner of the Tour.[37] The rider leading the classification wore a yellow jersey.[40]

Points classification points for the top 15 positions by type[41]
Type 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Flat stage 45 35 30 26 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2
Medium mountain stage 30 25 22 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 6 5 4 3 2
High mountain stage 20 17 15 13 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Individual time trial 20 17 15 13 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Intermediate sprint 20 17 15 13 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

The second classification was the points classification. Riders received points for finishing among the highest placed in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints during the stage. The points available for each stage finish were determined by stage's type.[41] The leader was identified by a green jersey.[40]

The third classification was the mountains classification. Points were awarded to the riders that reached the summit of the most difficult climbs first. The climbs were categorised as fourth-, third-, second-, first-category and hors catégorie (English: beyond category), with the more difficult climbs rated lower. Double points were awarded on the summit finishes on stages 10, 13, 14, 17 and 18.[33] The leader wore a white jersey with red polka dots.[40]

The final individual classification was the young rider classification. This was calculated the same way as the general classification, but the classification was restricted to riders who were born on or after 1 January 1989.[33] The leader wore a white jersey.[40]

The final classification was a team classification. This was calculated using the finishing times of the best three riders per team on each stage; the leading team was the team with the lowest cumulative time. The number of stage victories and placings per team determined the outcome of a tie.[38] The riders in the team that lead this classification were identified with yellow number bibs on the back of their jerseys and yellow helmets.[40]

In addition, there was a combativity award given after each stage to the rider considered, by a jury, to have "made the greatest effort and who has demonstrated the best qualities of sportsmanship".[38] No combativity awards were given for the time trial and the final stage.[42] The winner wore a red number bib the following stage.[40] At the conclusion of the Tour, Alessandro De Marchi won the overall super-combativity award,[8] again, decided by a jury.[38]

A total of €2,035,000 was awarded in cash prizes in the race. The overall winner of the general classification received €450,000, with the second and third placed riders got €200,000 and €100,000 respectively. All finishers of the race were awarded with money. The holders of the classifications benefited on each stage they led; the final winners of the points and mountains were given €25,000, while the best young rider and most combative rider got €20,000. The winners of the team classification received €50,000.[43] There were also two special awards each with a prize of €5000, the Souvenir Henri Desgrange, given to first rider to pass the summit of the highest climb in the Tour, the Col d'Izoard in stage fourteen, and the Souvenir Jacques Goddet, given to the first rider to pass Goddet's memorial at the summit of the Col du Tourmalet in stage eighteen.[44] Joaquim Rodríguez won the Henri Desgrange and Blel Kadri won the Jacques Goddet.[45][46]

Classification leadership by stage
Stage Winner General classification
A yellow jersey.		 Points classification
A green jersey.		 Mountains classification
A white jersey with red polka dots.		 Young rider classification
A white jersey.		 Team classification
A white jersey with a yellow number bib.		 Combativity award
A white jersey with a red number bib.
1 Marcel Kittel Marcel Kittel Marcel Kittel Jens Voigt Peter Sagan Team Sky Jens Voigt
2 Vincenzo Nibali Vincenzo Nibali Peter Sagan Cyril Lemoine Blel Kadri
3 Marcel Kittel Jan Bárta
4 Marcel Kittel Thomas Voeckler
5 Lars Boom Astana Pro Team Lieuwe Westra
6 André Greipel Luis Ángel Maté
7 Matteo Trentin Martin Elmiger
8 Blel Kadri Blel Kadri Michał Kwiatkowski Blel Kadri
9 Tony Martin Tony Gallopin Tony Martin Tony Martin
10 Vincenzo Nibali Vincenzo Nibali Joaquim Rodríguez Romain Bardet Ag2r-La Mondiale Tony Martin
11 Tony Gallopin Nicolas Roche
12 Alexander Kristoff Simon Clarke
13 Vincenzo Nibali Vincenzo Nibali Alessandro De Marchi
14 Rafał Majka Joaquim Rodríguez Alessandro De Marchi
15 Alexander Kristoff Martin Elmiger
16 Michael Rogers Rafał Majka Thibaut Pinot Cyril Gautier
17 Rafał Majka Romain Bardet
18 Vincenzo Nibali Mikel Nieve
19 Ramūnas Navardauskas Tom-Jelte Slagter
20 Tony Martin no award
21 Marcel Kittel
Final Vincenzo Nibali Peter Sagan Rafał Majka Thibaut Pinot Ag2r-La Mondiale Alessandro De Marchi
  • In stage two, Bryan Coquard, who was third in the points classification, wore the green jersey, because Marcel Kittel (in first place) wore the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification and Peter Sagan (in second place) wore the white jersey as leader of the young rider classification during that stage.[47]
  • In stages three–five, Romain Bardet, who was second in the young rider classification, wore the white jersey, because Peter Sagan (in first place) wore the green jersey as leader of the points classification. Additionally, in stages six–seven, Michał Kwiatkowski wore the white jersey for the same reason.[48][49][50]
  • In stage fourteen, Joaquim Rodríguez, who was second in the mountains classification, wore the polka-dot jersey, because Vincenzo Nibali (in first place) wore the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification.[51]

Final standings

Legend
A yellow jersey. Denotes the winner of the general classification[40] A green jersey. Denotes the winner of the points classification[40]
A white jersey with red polka dots. Denotes the winner of the mountains classification[40] A white jersey. Denotes the winner of the young rider classification[40]
A white jersey with a yellow number bib. Denotes the winner of the team classification[40] A white jersey with a red number bib. Denotes the winner of the super-combativity award[40]

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[8]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Vincenzo Nibali (ITA) A yellow jersey. Astana 89h 59' 06"
2  Jean-Christophe Péraud (FRA) A white jersey with a yellow number bib. Ag2r–La Mondiale + 7' 39"
3  Thibaut Pinot (FRA) A white jersey. FDJ.fr + 8' 15"
4  Alejandro Valverde (ESP) Movistar Team + 9' 40"
5  Tejay van Garderen (USA) BMC Racing Team + 11' 25"
6  Romain Bardet (FRA) A white jersey with a yellow number bib. Ag2r–La Mondiale + 11' 26"
7  Leopold König (CZE) NetApp–Endura + 14' 32"
8  Haimar Zubeldia (ESP) Trek Factory Racing + 17' 57"
9  Laurens ten Dam (NED) Belkin Pro Cycling + 18' 12"
10  Bauke Mollema (NED) Belkin Pro Cycling + 21' 15"

Points classification

Final points classification (1–10)[8]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Peter Sagan (SVK) A green jersey. Cannondale 431
2  Alexander Kristoff (NOR) Team Katusha 282
3  Bryan Coquard (FRA) Team Europcar 271
4  Marcel Kittel (GER) Giant–Shimano 222
5  Mark Renshaw (AUS) Omega Pharma–Quick-Step 211
6  Vincenzo Nibali (ITA) A yellow jersey. Astana 182
7  André Greipel (GER) Lotto–Belisol 169
8  Ramūnas Navardauskas (LTU) Garmin–Sharp 157
9  Greg Van Avermaet (BEL) BMC Racing Team 153
10  Samuel Dumoulin (FRA) A white jersey with a yellow number bib. Ag2r–La Mondiale 117

Mountains classification

Final mountains classification (1–10)[8]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Rafał Majka (POL) A white jersey with red polka dots. Tinkoff–Saxo 181
2  Vincenzo Nibali (ITA) A yellow jersey. Astana 168
3  Joaquim Rodríguez (ESP) Team Katusha 112
4  Thibaut Pinot (FRA) A white jersey. FDJ.fr 89
5  Jean-Christophe Péraud (FRA) A white jersey with a yellow number bib. Ag2r–La Mondiale 85
6  Alessandro De Marchi (ITA) A white jersey with a red number bib. Cannondale 78
7  Thomas Voeckler (FRA) Team Europcar 61
8  Giovanni Visconti (ITA) Movistar Team 54
9  Alejandro Valverde (ESP) Movistar Team 48
10  Tejay van Garderen (USA) BMC Racing Team 48

Young rider classification

Final young rider classification (1–10)[8]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Thibaut Pinot (FRA) A white jersey. FDJ.fr 90h 07' 21"
2  Romain Bardet (FRA) A white jersey with a yellow number bib. Ag2r–La Mondiale + 3' 11"
3  Michał Kwiatkowski (POL) Omega Pharma–Quick-Step + 1h 13' 40"
4  Tom Dumoulin (NED) Giant–Shimano + 1h 39' 45"
5  Jon Izagirre (ESP) Movistar Team + 1h 52' 35"
6  Rafał Majka (POL) A white jersey with red polka dots. Tinkoff–Saxo + 2h 09' 38"
7  Rudy Molard (FRA) Cofidis + 2h 26' 07"
8  Ben King (USA) Garmin–Sharp + 2h 33' 44"
9  Tom-Jelte Slagter (NED) Garmin–Sharp + 2h 41' 05"
10  Peter Sagan (SVK) A green jersey. Cannondale + 2h 44' 37"

Team classification

Final team classification (1–10)[8]
Rank Team Time
1 Ag2r–La Mondiale A white jersey with a yellow number bib. 270h 27' 02
2 Belkin Pro Cycling + 34' 46
3 Movistar Team + 1h 06' 10
4 BMC Racing Team + 1h 07' 51
5 Team Europcar + 1h 34' 57
6 Astana + 1h 36' 27
7 Team Sky + 1h 40' 36
8 Trek Factory Racing + 2h 06' 00
9 FDJ.fr + 2h 30' 37
10 Lampre–Merida + 2h 32' 46'

UCI World Tour rankings

The race was the eighteenth of the twenty-nine events in the UCI World Tour, with riders from the ProTeams competing individually for points that contributed towards the rankings.[52] Points were awarded to the top twenty finishers in the general classification and to the top five finishers in each stage.[53] The 200 points accrued by Vincenzo Nibali moved him from fortieth position to second in the individual ranking. Movistar Team retained their lead of the team ranking, ahead of second-placed Ag2r–La Mondiale. Spain remained as leaders of the nations ranking, with Italy second.[54]

UCI World Tour individual rankings on 27 July 2014 (1–10)[55][56]
Rank Prev. Name Team Points
1 1  Alberto Contador (ESP) Tinkoff–Saxo 407
2 40  Vincenzo Nibali (ITA) Astana 392
3 6  Alejandro Valverde (ESP) Movistar Team 382
4 2  Nairo Quintana (COL) Movistar Team 345
5 22  Jean-Christophe Péraud (FRA) Ag2r–La Mondiale 300
6 5  Fabian Cancellara (SUI) Trek Factory Racing 274
7 4  Simon Gerrans (AUS) Orica–GreenEDGE 268
8 3  Rui Costa (POR) Lampre–Merida 268
9 10  Peter Sagan (SVK) Cannondale 257
10 7  Michał Kwiatkowski (POL) Omega Pharma–Quick-Step 257

Notes and references

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Four days before stage five, the race jury removed two of the nine sett paving sections due to bad weather.[36] The total stage distance was reduced from 155.5 km (97 mi) to 152.5 km (95 mi).[31][34]
  2. ↑ Although officially classified as medium mountain, stage five was flat with sett paving sections.[31][34]

References

  1. ↑ Rob Sturney (2014-07-27). "2014 Tour de France: Kittel triumphs on Champs Élysées, Nibali wins first Tour". Cyclingmagazine.ca. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
  2. 1 2 "Teams – The riders, videos, photos – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  3. ↑ "UCI Cycling Regulations: Part 2: Road Races page 4 article 2.1.005" (PDF). Union Cycliste Internationale. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 October 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  4. ↑ "Tour de France 2014 wildcards selected". Cyclingnews.com. Future plc. 28 January 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
  5. ↑ "Leeds Arena hosts Tour de France opening ceremony". BBC News. BBC. 3 July 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
  6. 1 2 "Start list – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  7. ↑ "Tour de France 2014 – Debutants". ProCyclingStats. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Classifications stage 21 – Évry > Paris Champs-Élysées – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  9. ↑ Cary, Tom (25 July 2014). "Tour de France 2014: Ji Cheng blazes a trail for China by coming last". The Daily Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
  10. ↑ "The history of the Tour de France – Year 2014 – The stage winners". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  11. 1 2 "Tour de France 2014 – Average age". ProCyclingStats. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  12. ↑ Farrand, Stephen (3 July 2014). "Cancellara warns of attack on the Tour de France cobbles". Cyclingnews.com. Immediate Media Company. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  13. ↑ Brown, Gregor (26 June 2014). "Jens Voigt to match Tour de France participation record". Cycling Weekly. Time Inc. UK. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  14. ↑ "Indurain: It's going to be a good fight between Froome and Contador". Cyclingnews.com. Immediate Media Company. 29 June 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  15. 1 2 3 Puddicombe, Stephen (2 July 2014). "Tour de France 2014: Who will win?". Cycling Weekly. Time Inc. UK. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  16. 1 2 3 "2014 Tour de France Contenders". Bicycling. Rodale, Inc. 26 June 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  17. 1 2 3 Henrys, Colin (4 July 2014). "Tour de France 2014: yellow jersey contenders". Road Cycling UK. Mpora. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Westby, Matt (2 July 2014). "Tour de France: The Contenders". Sky Sports. Sky plc. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  19. 1 2 3 Sturney, Rob (1 July 2014). "2014 Tour de France preview: The contenders". Canadian Cycling Magazine. Gripped Publishing Inc. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  20. ↑ Hood, Andrew (31 May 2014). "Even after Giro win, still no Tour de France for Quintana". VeloNews. Competitor Group, Inc. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  21. ↑ Fotheringham, William (3 July 2014). "Tour de France 2014: six contenders for the yellow jersey". theguardian.com. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  22. ↑ Henrys, Colin (1 July 2014). "Tour de France 2014: green jersey contenders". Road Cycling UK. Mpora. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 Yost, Whitt (4 July 2014). "2014 Tour de France Green-Jersey Contenders". Bicycling. Rodale, Inc. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Westby, Matt (5 July 2014). "Tour de France: The Sprinters". Sky Sports. Sky plc. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  25. ↑ "Peter Sagan – 2014". ProCyclingStats. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  26. ↑ "The history of the Tour de France – Year 2013 – The stage winners". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  27. ↑ "Tour de France: Yorkshire to host start of 2014 race". BBC Sport. BBC. 14 December 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  28. ↑ "British start to 2014 Tour de France presented". Cyclingnews.com. Immediate Media Company. 17 January 2014. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  29. ↑ Benson, Daniel (23 October 2013). "Stephen Roche: Fairly soft 2014 Tour de France route". Cyclingnews.com. Immediate Media Company. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  30. 1 2 Farrand, Stephen (23 October 2013). "2014 Tour de France route unveiled". Cyclingnews.com. Immediate Media Company. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "2014 Route – Sporting aspects, stage cities – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
  32. ↑ ASO 2014, p. 35.
  33. 1 2 3 4 ASO 2014, p. 37.
  34. 1 2 3 "Stage 5 – Ypres > Arenberg Porte du Hainaut – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  35. ↑ "The history of the Tour de France – Year 2014 – The stage winners". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
  36. ↑ Barry, Ryan; Benson, Daniel (9 July 2014). "Two cobbled sectors removed from stage 5 of Tour de France due to weather conditions". Cyclingnews.com. Immediate Media Company. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  37. 1 2 ASO 2014, p. 36.
  38. 1 2 3 4 ASO 2014, p. 38.
  39. ↑ ASO 2014, p. 32.
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ASO 2014, p. 29.
  41. 1 2 ASO 2014, pp. 36–37.
  42. ↑ ASO 2014, p. 24.
  43. ↑ ASO 2014, pp. 20–24.
  44. ↑ ASO 2013, p. 24.
  45. ↑ "Majka claims first Tour win in Risoul – News stage 14 – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. 13 July 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  46. ↑ "Nibali crowns it all at the last summit – News stage 18 – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. 24 July 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  47. ↑ "Classifications stage 1 – Leeds > Harrogate – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  48. ↑ "Classifications stage 2 – York > Sheffield – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  49. ↑ "Classifications stage 3 – Cambridge > Londres – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  50. ↑ "Classifications stage 4 – Le Touquet-Paris-Plage > Lille Métropole – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  51. ↑ "Classifications stage 13 – Saint-Étienne > Chamrousse – Tour de France 2014". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  52. ↑ Wynn, Nigel (3 October 2013). "UCI WorldTour calendar 2014". Cycling Weekly. Time Inc. UK. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  53. ↑ ASO 2014, p. 26.
  54. ↑ "Contador still top of WorldTour rankings after Tour de France". Cyclingnews.com. Immediate Media Company. 28 July 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  55. ↑ "UCI WorldTour Ranking – 27 July 2014". Union Cycliste Internationale. 27 July 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  56. ↑ "UCI WorldTour Ranking – 22 June 2014". Union Cycliste Internationale. 22 June 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2016.

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