Gobichettipalayam

Gobichettipalayam
கோபிசெட்டிபாளையம்
Gobi
town and municipality

Clockwise from top: Bhavani River with Western Ghats, Pariyur Kondathu Kaliamman Temple, paddy fields, Kodiveri Dam, Cutchery Medu and Maha Muniappan
Nickname(s): Chinna Kodambakkam (Mini Kollywood)[1]
Gobichettipalayam
Coordinates: 11°27′13″N 77°26′18″E / 11.45361°N 77.43833°E / 11.45361; 77.43833Coordinates: 11°27′13″N 77°26′18″E / 11.45361°N 77.43833°E / 11.45361; 77.43833
Country India
State Tamil Nadu
Region Kongu Nadu
District Erode District
Founded as Municipality 1948
Government
 • Body GMC
 • Chairman Revathi Devi
 • Member of the Legislative Assembly K. A. Sengottaiyan
 • Member of Parliament V. Sathyabama
Elevation 213 m (699 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 59,523
Languages
 • Official Tamil
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 63845x, 638476
Telephone code 91(04285)
Vehicle registration TN 36
Literacy 74%
Lok Sabha constituency Tiruppur
Vidhan Sabha constituency Gobichettipalayam
Planning agency GMC
Distance from Chennai 390 kilometres (240 mi) NE (land)
Distance from Bangalore 250 kilometres (160 mi) N (land)
Distance from Coimbatore 80 kilometres (50 mi) W (land)
Climate Tropical climate (Köppen)
Avg. annual temperature 28 °C (82 °F)
Avg. summer temperature 34.3 °C (93.7 °F)
Avg. winter temperature 24 °C (75 °F)
Website Gobi Municipality

Gobichettipalayam (also known as Gobi) is a town and municipality in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the second largest city and urban agglomeration in Erode district and is the administrative headquarters of Gobichettipalayam taluka. It is situated at the center of the South Indian Peninsula, 400 kilometres (249 mi) southwest of the state capital Chennai and 80 kilometres (50 mi) east of Coimbatore. Agriculture and textile industries contribute majorly to the economy of the town. The town is situated at 213 metres (699 ft) above sea level, surrounded by Western Ghats.

The town is a part of Gobichettipalayam constituency and elects its member of legislative assembly every five years, and a part of the Tirupur constituency that elects its member of parliament. The town is administered by a municipality established in 1949 and has a population of 60,279 as of 2011. It is known as "Mini Kollywood" because of the film shooting that takes place here and many films in Tamil and other languages have been shot here.

History

A major part of present Gobichettipalayam was previously known as "Veerapandi Gramam", and documents and records still use that name.[2] The town was part of the country ruled by king Vēl Pāri, who is regarded as one of the Kadai ēzhu vallal (the last seven great patrons).[3] Pariyur, a temple town near Gobichettipalayam was named after him. The land was later ruled by the Cheras and Vijayanagar empire with the town deriving its name after Gobi Chetti, a Vijayanagara Polygar.[4] It was captured by Tipu Sultan and after Tipu's defeat, British annexed it to their territory.[5]

Demographics

Religious census
Religion Percent(%)
Hindu
  
 90.3%
Muslim
  
 7.1%
Christian
  
 2.5%
Other
  
 0.1%

According to 2011 census, Gobichettipalayam had a population of 60,279 with a sex-ratio of 1,062 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[6] A total of 4,669 were under the age of six, constituting 2,364 males and 2,305 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 10.74% and .08% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the city was 78.52%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[6] The city had a total of 17064 households. There were a total of 25,225 workers, comprising 512 cultivators, 2,035 main agricultural labourers, 637 in house hold industries, 21,070 other workers, 971 marginal workers, 15 marginal cultivators, 308 marginal agricultural labourers, 57 marginal workers in household industries and 591 other marginal workers.[7]

The population is dominated by the Kongu Vellalar community.[3][8] There are a significant number of North Indians, Gurkhas, Malayalis, Uralis, Mudaliar, Vanniyar, Dalits, Nadar and Vettuva Gounders.[1][9] As per the religious census of 2011, Gobichettipalayam had 90.3% Hindus, 7.1% Muslims, 2.5% Christians and 0.1% others.[10]

Administration

Gobichettipalayam Municipality was constituted on 1 October 1949 as III grade as per G.O. Ms. No. 1948 (Local Administration Department) dated 12 August 1949 with effect from 1 October 1949 and was elevated to Grade II as per G.O. Ms. No. 194 (Local Administration Department) dated 10 February 1970 and to first Grade with effect from 1 October 1977 as per G.O. Ms. No. 1532 (R.D & L.A.), 21 September 1977, and to Selection Grade as per G.O. Ms. No. 238 (MA&WS), 2 December 2008.

Politics

The town elects a Member to the legislative assembly. It is currently represented by former minister K. A. Sengottaiyan of AIADMK.[11] Gobichettipalayam was a parliamentary constituency until 2009 and was replaced by the newly formed Tirupur constituency during delimitation by Election Commission of India. After the delimination, Gobichettipalayam assembly constituency is part of the Tirupur constituency.[12]

Transport

The municipality of Gobichettipalayam has 67.604 kilometres (42.007 mi) of roads of which 6.6 kilometres (4.1 mi) is owned by the State Highways Department.[13] The town is well connected by roads with the following arterial roads connecting with other major towns: State Highway 81, State Highway 15, State Highway 15A. The Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation has a depot and was in possession of 1,218 buses as of 31 March 2005. Originally known as Jeeva Transport Corporation (JTC), it came into being by the bifurcation of Cheran Transport Corporation and later became part of Coimbatore division of TNSTC. Buses ply to all major towns and cities within Tamil Nadu and neighboring state of Karnataka. KSRTC buses also connect to the town due to its proximity to Karnataka.

The nearest major railway station is Erode Junction located 38 kilometres (24 mi) from the town. A proposal to construct a railway line connecting Mysore with Erode via Gobichettipalayam was mooted during the British rule in 1915. Four official surveys were made in 1922, 1936, 1942 and as recently as 2008, but the plan failed to take off due to the concerns of railway line passing through the Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary.[14][15] The nearest airport is Coimbatore International Airport, located 74 kilometres (46 mi) from the town. The airport has regular flights from/to major domestic destinations and international destinations like Sharjah and Singapore.[16]

Geography and climate

Western Ghats as seen from the outskirts of Gobichettipalayam

Gobichettipalayam is located in Kongu Nadu, the northwestern part of Tamil Nadu about 400 kilometres (250 mi) south west of Chennai. Western Ghats forms the border of the region resulting several hill locks and Bhavani River traverses across the region. The temperature is moderately warm in Gobichettipalayam, except during the summer months when it is very hot.[13] Rainfall is moderate to high, unpredictable and unevenly distributed.[13] The soil mainly consists of black loam, red loam and red sand.[17] In general, the soil in and around the city is fertile and good for agriculture purposes, and the surrounding waterlogged rice fields contribute to the high humidity levels.[13]

Climate data for Gobichettipalayam
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 30
(86)		 32
(90)		 35
(95)		 35
(95)		 34
(93)		 31
(88)		 30
(86)		 31
(88)		 32
(90)		 31
(88)		 29
(84)		 29
(84)		 32
(90)
Average low °C (°F) 18
(64)		 19
(66)		 21
(70)		 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 22
(72)		 22
(72)		 22
(72)		 22
(72)		 22
(72)		 21
(70)		 19
(66)		 22
(72)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 14
(0.55)		 12
(0.47)		 19
(0.75)		 53
(2.09)		 76
(2.99)		 38
(1.5)		 57
(2.24)		 42
(1.65)		 56
(2.2)		 153
(6.02)		 123
(4.84)		 50
(1.97)		 693
(27.28)
Source: Erode district collectorate

Education

Gobichettipalayam has a good educational infrastructure. Notable schools are Diamond Jubilee Higher Secondary School, established over a 100 years ago and visited by Mahatma Gandhi and Shree Vidyalaya, which has a full-time dyslexic center.[18][19] The city is also home to Gobi Arts and Science College, one of the oldest arts colleges in the state.[20] The city itself has only a few engineering colleges, but its proximity to Coimbatore and Erode makes it an ideal educational hub.

Economy

The city is developing quickly and has been described by the government as "Bi-functional", with 31% of the work force engaged in agriculture, 56% in trading and other activities and 13% in industry.[13] A number of banks have been established in the town in recent years, testimony to the growth and prosperity of the local economy.[13] ICICI Bank established its third branch in Tamil Nadu here. The economy is predominantly dependent on agriculture.[21]

The economy of Gobichettipalayam centers on agriculture, with paddy, sugarcane, plantain, tobacco and turmeric being the principal crops.[2] The taluk is known for its lush green paddy fields which attracts cine industry. Gobichettipalayam is well known for its plantain cultivation and the production of coconuts. There are regulated market places run by the Government of India for the trade of agricultural products mainly turmeric, copra and bananas.[1]

Gobichettipalayam is one of the leading producers of silk cocoon in the country.[21] Mulberry cultivation has increased in the recent years and a silk research extension center was established by the Government of Tamil Nadu in collaboration with the Central Silk Board.[22] India's second automated silk reeling unit was established in here in 2008.[23]

A large number of spinning mills have come up in to support to the weaving and knitwear to supplement Tirupur. IT and BPO sector is also developing with a few start up companies based out of the town.[24] Other industries include cotton textiles, motors, pumps, automobile spares, textile machinery manufacturing, castings and machined parts.

Karuppu Sami, regional Tamil deity

Culture

Kongu Tamil, a dialect of Tamil is the language spoken by majority of the people. English is used as an official language along with Tamil. Other languages spoken include Malayalam, Kannada and Telugu. Gobichettipalayam cuisine is predominantly south Indian with rice as its base. Most locals still retain their rural tradition, with many restaurants still serving food on a banana leaf. North Indian, Chinese and continental cuisines are also available. mysorepa (a sweet made from lentil flour) and halwa (a sweet made of different ingredients such as milk, wheat or rice) are famous. Idly, dosa, vada-sambar and biryani are popular among the locals. Coffee shops and chat centers cater to young people.

Places of Interest

An Indian elephant in the nearby reserve forests
Baya weaver nesting

Kodiveri Dam/Anicut

Kodiveri Dam is situated in Gobichettipalayam Taluk, about 13 km. west of Gobichettipalayam in the village of Periya Kodiveri. It was constructed by the Maharaja of Mysore in the 17th century. Two channels arise from the dam, One is on the northern side of Bhavani River and the other on the southern side viz "Arakkan Kottai Channel" and "Thadapalli Channel" respectively.[25][26] Lands north of Gobichettipalayam City are fertile due to the flow of the Thadapalli channel. Cultivation of sugarcane and paddy are predominant in this area. Kodiveri Dam is a popular tourist spot welcoming a large number of people from all over the state.

Reserve Forests

The Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary and the reserve forests of Anthiyur are about 25 km away from Gobichettipalayam. The T. N. Palayam forest range comes within the Gobichettipalayam Taluk. Abundant flora and fauna thrive in these forests which form a part of the rich biosphere of the Nilgiris. The wildlife includes Indian elephant, Bengal tiger, Indian leopard, blackbuck, spotted deer, peacock, porcupine and gaur. The area has the largest elephant population in the country.[27] The area has been proposed to be converted into a tiger reserve as per notifications from the government of India.

Bhavani Sagar Dam

Another important dam that has been constructed over the Bhavani River is the Bhavanisagar Dam. It is located about 35 km from the town. The dam was completed in 1953.[28] There is a large park with various attractions drawing huge crowds towards this place.

Temples

Pariyur

Pariyur Kondathu Kaliamman Temple is situated in Pariyur, about 3 km from Gobichettipalayam, where a 'Fire Walking Ceremony' (Kundam) is held during January every year.[29] The annual Temple Car festival is celebrated here with grandeur, and the temple attracts a large gathering from the surrounding places all the time. Around 1500 years old,[3] the inner sanctum of the temple is made of black marble. The protector god of this temple is Maha Muniappan, who blesses couples with children and chases fear away from the minds of the people. There are many shrines dedicated to Ganesha, and shrines of Saptha Kannigai, Ponkaliamman, Brahma and other Hindu gods. The temple has a marriage hall and a golden chariot dedicated to the goddess.

Amarapaneeswarar Temple is a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva and his consort Soundaranayaki Amman located in Pariyur.[30] The temple itself is built completely of white marble and there are separate shrines dedicated to warlord Karthikeya with his wives Deivayanai and Valli, Ganesha known as Anukkai Vinayakar, Nandhi, the vehicle of Lord Shiva. There are also shrines dedicated to Navagraha, Bhairava, Nayanmars and other Hindu gods. Maha Shivaratri and Pradhosam is celebrated with much grandeur apart from other festivals of Shiva and Murugan.

Adinarayana Swamy Temple is a temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu located at Pariyur and the chief deity the temple is Adhi Narayana Perumal.[31] He is seen along with his companions Sri Devi and Bhu Devi. The specialty of the temple is that, there is a separate shrine dedicated to Lord Hanuman. The statues of Sanjeevi Anjaneyar, Veera Anjaneyar and Alwars are seen inside the main temple complex. Garuda Alwar is seen in front of the main sanctum. The main Gopuram of the temple depicts the scene of narration of Bhagavad Gita, the holy book of Hindus. Vaikunta Ekadashi and other festivals of Vishnu are celebrated here.

Hill temples

Balamurugan Temple, Pachaimalai is one of the two old hill temples dedicated to Lord Murugan while the other being Muthukumaraswamy Temple, Pavalamalai.[32] Both the temples are located within a few miles from the heart of the town. All Saivite, Koumaram and other Hindu festivals are celebrated at the temples, especially Thai Poosam, Panguni Uthiram and Skanda Sashti. At Pachaimalai, there is a huge statue of Lord Senthilandavar, which can been seen miles away from the temple. Apart from his normal gold peacock mount, the temple also has a golden chariot. It is believed that sage Dhurvasa initially installed the deities at both Pachaimalai and Pavalamalai.

Bannari

Bannari Mariamman Temple is located at Bannari about 35 km northwest of Gobichettipalayam. The temple is dedicated to the Goddess Mariamman and attracts huge crowds round the year. The temple also has a marriage hall associated with it.

Notable People

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 Kumaran, Senthil (13 May 2016). "Gobichettipalayam likely to go for tried and tested AIADMK again". Times of India. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
  2. 1 2 "District Profile". Gobichettipalayam.com. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  3. 1 2 3 India. Office of the Registrar General (1968). Census of India, 1961: Madras. Manager of Publications. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  4. ↑ Baliga, B. S. (1967). Madras District Gazetteers: Salem. by Ramaswami, A. Madras State, Printed by the Superintendent, Govt. Press. p. 64. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  5. ↑ Rana, Mahendra Singh (1 January 2006). Indian great votes: Local Sabha & Mane Sabha elections 2001-2005. Sarup & Sons. p. 399. ISBN 978-81-7625-647-6. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  6. 1 2 Census Info 2011 Final population totals (Report). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  7. ↑ Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Gobichettipalayam (Report). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  8. ↑ Journal of Indian history. University of Michigan. 1955. p. 6.
  9. ↑ Zvelebil, Kamil Veit (1982). The Irula language. Harrassowitz. p. 46. ISBN 978-3-447-02247-7.
  10. ↑ Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu (XLS) (Report). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
  11. ↑ "List of MLAs from Tamil Nadu" (PDF). Chief Electoral Officer, Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
  12. ↑ "List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "About the Municipality". Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  14. ↑ "Sathyamangalam Chamrajnagar railway line only after clearance". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 10 March 2008. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  15. ↑ "Locals protest rail line through forest, suggest alternative route". Times of India. 28 February 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  16. ↑ "Coimbatore Airport". airportsindia.org. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
  17. ↑ Manickam, V (2001). Kongu Nadu, a History Up to A.D. 1400. University of Michigan. p. 40.
  18. ↑ "Aided schools come under RTI Act, rules Madras High Court". The Hindu. Chennai. 18 April 2007. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
  19. ↑ Government Examinations (PDF). Government of Tamil Nadu (Report). Retrieved 14 May 2016.
  20. ↑ "Gobi Arts and Science College Profile". Dinamalar. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
  21. 1 2 Productivity. National Productivity Council. 1999. pp. 139–40. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  22. ↑ "Sericulture - Brief Note on Sericulture". Tnsericulture.gov.in. 31 March 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2013.
  23. ↑ "Tamil Nadu's first automatic silk reeling unit opened". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 24 August 2008. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
  24. ↑ Hariharan, Sindhu (12 March 2015). "Incubators rev up new-age firms". Times of India. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
  25. ↑ India. Central Board of Irrigation and Power (1962). Irrigation & power: the journal of the Central Board of Irrigation & Power. The Board. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  26. ↑ Naidu, Ch. M. (1988). Nationalism in south India, its economic and social background, 1885-1918: a study of the Madras Government's policies in the economic and social aspects and their impact on nationalism in the former Madras Presidency. Mittal Publications. p. 39. ISBN 978-81-7099-043-7. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  27. ↑ Hughes, Holly; Duchaine, Julie (26 October 2011). Frommer's 500 Places to See Before They Disappear. John Wiley & Sons. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-118-15981-1. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  28. ↑ Sugunan, V. V. (1995). Reservoir fisheries of India. Food & Agriculture Org. p. 83. ISBN 978-92-5-103673-0. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  29. ↑ "Sri Sri Kondathu Kaliamman temple". Temple Dinamalar. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  30. ↑ "Sri Amarapaneeswarar temple". Temple Dinamalar. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  31. ↑ "Sri Adinarayana Perumal temple". Temple Dinamalar. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  32. ↑ "Temple". Balamurugan Temple. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  33. ↑ "Remembering a great man". The Hindu. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
  34. ↑ "Article of Association of Bannari Amman Sugars" (PDF). bannari.com.com. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
  35. ↑ "Tamil Nadu Election Results" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
  36. ↑ Holmstrom, Lakshmi (1996). Maṇimēkalai. Orient Blackswan. p. 182. ISBN 9788125010135. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  37. ↑ "K Bhagyaraj, profile". tamiloprofile.com. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
  38. ↑ "K.A. Sengottaiyan (AIADMK), Gobichettipalayam, Erode District". Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
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